【难点解析】

    1．We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.

    我们已经习惯到了经常意识不到一天之内我们到底看了多少听了多少广告的程度。

    ⑴ be used to后接名词或动名词, 表示习惯于做某事。

    They are used to making paper in this way.

    他们习惯于用这种方法造纸。

    When smokers who are used to nicotine go without it for an hour or two，…

    当吸烟者一旦习惯了尼古丁，一两个小时没有都不行。

    ⑵ 句中hear 前省略了 how many we。完整的句子应该是“… we often do not even realize how many we see and how many we hear in a day.”

    I can't remember how much we ate and drunk in that party.

    我记不起来那天的晚会上我们到底吃了多少喝了多少。

    2．I did some research on advertisements, and have some very important information to share with you.

    我针对广告作过一些调查，有一些重要的信息和你分享。

    （1）on 表示“关于，针对”。About“关于”之意，但on更强调专业性。例如：

    a book on radio 专门讲解论及无线电的书。

    Can you give me some advice on how to improve my English?

    你能给我提一些关于怎样学好英语的建议吗?

    （2）share = have or use with sb. 分享，共有，分给

    Tom shares the bedroom with his brother.

    汤姆和弟弟同住一个房间。

    I'll share（in）the cost with you.

    我与你分摊费用。

    They shared（in）my troubles as well as（in）my joys.

    他们和我同甘共苦。

    注意区别于spare; spare = afford to give money, time, etc. to sb. 提供、抽出、匀出   

    You can live in my house. We have a room to spare.

    你可以住在我家，我们有一个房间可以匀出。

    Can you spare me a few minutes？

    我能耽误你几分钟吗？

    3．PSAs are often placed for tree, and are intended to educate people about health,...

    公益广告经常是免费的，是为了教育人们关于健康，……

    intend 表打算，想要

    （1）intend to do 或intend doing, intend sb. to do。例如：

    What do you intend to do today

    你今天打算干什么？

    I intend coming(或to come)back soon.

    我打算很快就回来。

    His father intended him to join the army.

    他爸爸想让他参军。

    （2）intend (sth. ) for 打算给(某人)……，让某人干……。例如：

    He was intended for (或to join )the army.

    （他爸爸）打算让他参军。

    The movie is intended for adults only.

    这部电影儿童不宜。

    had intended to do……=intended to have done……

    表示本打算做而未做……，类似词语还有：hope, want, plan, expect, mean等。例如：

    I hoped to have met you/I had hoped to meet you at the airport yesterday, but I was too busy.

    昨天我本来打算去机场接你的，但是我太忙了。

    4．China has strong laws to protect people from advertisements that lie or try to make people believe untrue claims about products or services.

    中国有强大的法律来保护居民以防居民被那些虚假广告或对自己的产品和服务夸大吹嘘的广告所欺骗。

    protect用作动词，意思是“保卫，保护”，与defend同义，通常用作及物动词。

    protect…from…意为“保护……免受……”.例如：

    The law protects the children from harm．

    这条法令保护孩子们免受伤害.

    It is our duty to protect our homeland．

    保卫祖国是我们的职责。

    The government should protect the children from losing school．

    政府应该保护儿童使他们不失学。

    We should protect nature from being polluted．

    我们应保护自然免遭污染。

    Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun．

    戴顶帽子让你免受太阳晒。

    5．However, we still must be aware of the methods used in advertisements to try and sell us things.

    但是，我们仍然需要知道广告诱惑我们并把东西卖给我们的方法。

    be aware of 意为“知道，明白，意识到”。例如：

    Some people are not aware of the dangers of smoking.

    有些人意识不到吸烟的危险。

    We should at all times be aware of our own shortcomings.

    无论何时我们都要意识到自己的不足。

    6．Even if an ad does not lie, it does not mean it tells you the complete truth.

    即使一个广告并没有撒谎，但也并不意味着它讲的完全是事实。

    even if用作连词，意思是“即使……，也……”，相当于even though，引导让步状语从句。例如：

    Even though (if) it rains.  I will go. 

    即使下雨我也要去。

    He looks as though (if) he were ill. 

    他看上去好像生了病一样。

    7．Not all ads play tricks o us though.

    然而并不是所有的广告都欺骗我们。

    （1）Play tricks on意为“戏弄”。

    He played tricks on the child, the child got angry.(不可改为his)

    他戏弄这个孩子，孩子生气了。

    His playing tricks on the child made the child angry. (不可改为him)

    他开这个孩子的玩笑结果使孩子生气了。

    It's impolite for them to play tricks on the foreigners.

    戏弄外国人是不礼貌的。

    （2）though可以作副词，放在句尾，意为“然而”。例如：  

    She said she would come to meet me; she didn't though. 

    她说她要来接我，然而她没有那么做。

    8．Our government understands this, and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.

    我们的政府意识到了这一点，已经利用公益广告教育人们好多年了。

    have + been + doing是现在完成进行时，强调动作的完成及延续性。例如：

    They have been waiting for his arrival for 2 hours.

    他们等了他两个小时了。

    The boy has been playing the toy this morning.

    那个男孩这一上午一直在玩玩具。

    这种时态和现在完成时的区别主要在于它强调动作在某一段时间一直在进行，该动作通常有现在的结果。例如：

     Father has been working in this car factory for ten years.

    (指他现在仍在这家汽车厂工作，而且将继续在这里工作。)

    Father has worked in this car factory for ten years.

    (指他至今为止在这家汽车厂工作了十年，至于今后是否还在这里继续工作，要视具体情况来定。)

    9．These ads deal with large social issues.

    这些广告是关于大的社会问题的。

    deal with

    （1）表示“对付，应付，处理，安排”的含义。

    Deal with a man as he deals with you．

    其人之道，还治其人之身。

    The man is difficult to deal with．

    那个人是难以对付的。

    （2）表示“论述，涉及”的含义。

    The book deals with the history of China．

    这本书谈论有关中国历史。

    【辨析】deal with，do with

    这两个词都有“处理，对待”的含义，但两者用法有一定的不同，deal with 可与how 连用，而 do with 与 what 连用。

    One should learn how to deal with the difficulty．

    One should learn what to do with the difficulty．

    一个人应学会怎样对待困难。

    10．… , an ad campaign is an organized programme of advertisements using various kinds of ads to reach a particular audience.

    一个商业活动就是利用各式各样的广告以期获得一定的收听群体的一个有组织有计划的广告活动。

    reach在此处的意思是“达到”、“获得”（=get to；come into the possession of）。例如：

    If you want to reach a good command of English，you must read a lot.

    如果你想要达到精通英语，你必须大量阅读。

    His aim has been reached.

    他的目的已经达到了。

    But at last，on April 5，1887，she reached my understanding.

    但是，在1887年4月5日那一天，她终于使我明白了。

    reached my understanding 表示作者最初浑浑噩噩，无法理解，但经过努力，拨开迷雾，接触到她的认识官能，终于使她理解了。

    11．In order to determine your audience, you will need to do a little research.

    为了确定你的听众，你需要做一下调查。

    （1）In order to “为了，以便”。表目的，引导目的状语。例如：

    They did anything in order to make money. 

    为了赚钱他们什么都能做。

    I work hard at my lessons in order to enter a key university. 

    我努力学习功课是为了进入一所重点大学。

    She lied to us because she had to in order to get a job.

    她对我们说过谎话，那是为了得到一份工作不得不这样做。

    in order to do sth.  是“为了做某事”，是动词不定式作目的状语。in order that从句也是“为了……”之意，是目的状语从句，也可用so that从句来换。

    In order to catch up with his classmates, he works harder than ever.

    为了赶上同学们，他比以往更加用功了。

    The teacher explained the passage again and again in order that every student might understand it.

    老师一遍又一遍地解释这篇文章，以便每位学生都能够理解。

    （2）determine vt.

    ①决定

    His future has not been determined, but he may study medicine.

    他还没决定好未来，但他可能学医。

    Can we now determine the date for our party?

    我们现在能决定派对的日期吗？

    ②决心，决意，决定(作某事)，(用过去分词)决心，下定决心

    determine+不定式to do

    She determined to go that very afternoon.

    她决心就在那个下午走。

    He determined to get there first. = He was determined to get there first.

    他决定第一个到那儿。

    I was determined not to follow their advice.

    我决定不听他们的建议。

    determine+从句

    Have they determined where the new school will be built?

    他们决定在哪儿建新学校了吗？

    He had been determined that no one should know.

    他决意不让任何人知道。

    My mother is determined that I shall marry Jack.

    妈妈决定让我嫁给杰克。

    determined 过去分词作定语或表语，果断，坚定，坚决

    She was a very determined woman who always gets what she wants.

    她是一个意志坚定的人，她总能得到她想得到的东西。

    His voice was determined, and his eyes were flashing.

    他的声音很坚决，他的眼睛闪闪发亮。

    determination n.

    ①决心(不可数)

    He came with the determination of staying/to stay one week.

    他决心呆一周。

    ②决定(不可数，间或加不定冠词)

    The boy came to a determination to run away from school.

    男孩决定逃学。

    self-determination n. 自主，自我决定

    12．It is extremely important to know your audience so you can create the right message for the right people.

    了解你的听众是相当重要的，这样你才可以针对特殊的群体创造出正确的信息。

    extremely用作副词，表示“极度，非常”，修饰形容词angry．这一句型在口语中常用来明确表明说话人的态度，立场。

    It is extremely cold．

    天气冷极了．

    I was extremely angry!

    我非常生气．

    13．What parts of this issue would they care about or be concerned with?

    这个议题的什么部分是人们所关心感兴趣的呢？

    concern“关心，关注”

    As far as I am concerned, living in a cottage is more comfortable than living in a flat.

    就我来说，生活在乡村小屋比生活在公寓里更舒服。

    Let's discuss only such questions as concern everyone of us．

    我们只谈对大家有关的问题吧。

    The principle persons concerned should attend the meeting．

    有关的主要人员应该参加会议。

编辑整理：扬州家教网(http://www.yzjjw.net)